Rooftop PV systems in urban areas are very interesting because they do not emit air pollutants nor GHGs during their exploitation, they produce electricity where this electricity is consumed, and they add value to unused urban roofs and parking shades and may reduce urban heat island effect. But, due to complex shading effects in urban context (vegetation, surrounding buildings, superstructures of roofs, etc.) and local atmospheric and meteorological effects, their massive penetration in urban areas will induce a significant variability in space and in time in the energy injected in the electric grid. As far as the electric demand side is concerned, a detailed modelling of energy requirements from residential, commercial, and industrial buildings with varying demand profiles for electricity is also required. Therefore, there is a need, in urban area, for Geographical Information System (GIS)-like tool for grid operators, urban planning decision makers, industries, aggregators for solar energy trading, citizen (PV self-consumption) and researchers. This GIS-tool is meant to provide an urban energy system modelling of distribution grids to plan, monitor and nowcast (i.e. and short term forecast) the spatiotemporal variability of the electric consumption on one hand and of the production of fleet of PV rooftop systems on the other hand. Existing GIS-tools for the Nantes (F) and Oldenburg (D) areas will be enhanced by new satellite-based datasets. The cost/benefit of using satellite-based data will be assessed in several specific use cases. EarlY WArning System for Mosquito borne Diseases EYWA, developed in the context of EuroGEO is a niche state-of-the-art toolthat distils EO data, advanced epidemiological and entomological modelling, and ML big data analytics.The uniqueness of the system can be summarised in the following distinguishing features. It delivers an operational solution, suggesting day to day prevention and door-to-door mitigation actions, as well as targeted surveillance and mosquito control operations that, undoubtedly, lead to the minimization of the entomological risk and the aversion of human cases in thousands of villages where the system has been already implemented. The technological innovation of the system builds upon the development of standards for efficient handling of multiple entomological, epidemiological data and ancillary geospatial data, along with advanced dynamic and data driven models, to extract knowledge on the dynamics of mosquitoes’ abundance and diseases’ transmission. It is a generic, transferable and validated solution in support of the Public Health Authorities and citizens. The common denominator of the different models is the use of big Earth Observation data from Copernicus missions and Core Services. They reliably depict and inform on the dynamics in biodiversity, climatic effects, habitats and breeding sites. Hence, EYWA exploits European innovation and investments and leverages European Exploitation platforms empowered by cloud storage and processing capacities as DIAS. The system is already operational in 10 regions in 5 European countries at a TRL 9. Image Removed
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