Product Description
Description
Product Specifications
TableBUSINESS PROCESS | SD, SC, SCE, IN, SO (see Annex) |
DESCRIPTION OF GEOINFORMATION | Ice thickness refers to the distance between the top surface of a body of ice and the underlying water |
EO INFORMATION OF INTEREST | Sea Ice Thickness (SIT) Available from 1981 to ongoing at a variety of spatial and temporal resolution |
MAIN PROCESS STEPS | Satellites equipped with altimeters use laser beams to measure the height of the ice surface above the underlying surface. By subtracting the known elevation of the land or water beneath the ice, ice thickness is retrieved. Assumptions are made to remove influence of snow cover. |
INPUT DATA SOURCE | Altimeter data, snow cover thickness and density information |
SPATIAL RESOLUTION AND COVERAGE | 25-111km |
ACCURACY / CONSTRAINS | The requirement to correct measurements for the snow depth introduces uncertainty into the measurement of sea ice freeboard |
LIMITATIONS | The snow on top of sea ice complicates the estimation of the ice thickness, requiring the use of auxiliary information about snow depth and density. FORME If known the portion of ice that has emerged because if this information is known, the volume of the portion of ice that is submerged can also be estimated. |
TEMPORAL RESOLUTION/ | Weekly mean, monthly mean |
UPDATE FREQUENCY | Daily, yearly |
DELIVERY / OUTPUT FORMAT | NetCDF, PNG, ASCII, XML |
ACCESSIBILITY | Copernicus CMEMS, NSIDC DAAC |
Business Process Challenges
Ship Design Challenges
- SD-1 Environmental Conditions
- SD-2 Defining Ice Class for Vessels
- SD-3 Vessel Concept, dimensions, and design
- SD-4 Material Selection in Ship Design Phase
- SD-5 Deciding design temperature (based on intended operations)
Ship Construction Challenges
- SC-1 Lifting Operations
- SC-2 Tow Operations
- SC-3 Planning of Sea Trials Outside of Ice Season
- SC-4 Avoiding Ice During Sea Trials
- SC-5 Planning of Sea Ice Trials
- SC-6 Finding Suitable Ice During Sea Trials
- SC-7 Ship Operation in Ice During Sea Trials
Ship Certification
- SCE-1 Defining Operational Limit Temperatures
- SCE-2 Icing Prediction for Vessel Certification
- SCE-3 Risk Assessment for Operations in Ice
- SCE-4 Strategic Planning using Polaris
- SCE-5 Monitoring Ship Icing Conditions During Voyage
- SCE-6 Monitoring Sea Ice Conditions During Voyage
- SCE-7 Defining Design Parameters for Ship Class Rules
- SCE-8 Ship Emission Monitoring
- SCE-9 Ship Monitoring, Location and Operation
- SCE-10 Oil and Substance Spill Monitoring
Insurance
- IN-1 Incident Investigation
- IN-2 Understanding the Current and Future Expected Conditions
- IN-3 Ensure compliance of portfolio with Poseidon Principles
- IN-4 Risk evaluating vessels according to POLARIS
Ship Operation
- SO-1 Navigating Through Ice
- SO-2 Avoiding Ice Edge
- SO-3 Navigating Along (or just inside) the Ice Edge
- SO-4 Avoiding Ship Icing Conditions
- SO-5 Avoiding Sea Ice
- SO-6 Oil Spill Monitoring
- SO-7 Avoiding Snow Cover on Ice
- SO-8 Strategic Planning
- SO-9 Risk Analysis According to POLARIS
- SO-10 Search & Rescue Operations
- SO-11 Monitoring Vessels Without AIS Transponder
- SO-12 Navigating Waters with Poor Charting
End of Life Vessel Disposal
- ELD-1 Weather condition monitoring
- ELD-2 Environmental impact monitoring of operations impact to local nature
- ELD-3 Authority monitoring of vessels on their way for scrapping